SQL: A Brief Introduction

The technological age has seen the rise of computers worldwide. Along with the advent of complex regional database systems, it has become extremely important to ensure the proper functioning of such databases. With increasing dependence on databases for even the most basic functions, along with its implementation in both government and corporate settings, the need for a language to interact with database management systems is imminent. While there might be other languages to somewhat serve the same purpose, SQL is pretty much the only practical option when it comes to interacting with different database management systems.

We bring you a brief overview of SQL along with its basics.

What is SQL?

SQL is the abbreviation of Structured Query language. Initially developed to edit and retrieve data stored in IBM’s original Quasi relational database management system, SQL was designed by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce at IBM in the late 1970s. Even though its early use was limited to customer sites at IBM, SQL soon found itself commercially available and used by US government agencies and Corporations alike.

Although database management has come a long way since the 1970’s much of the basics of SQL remain the same as it continues to be the industry standard. SQL is a declarative language and not a procedural one as a result the user only needs to specify the data needed and not the pathway to retrieve it.

SQL is also the standard language of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO), which makes it one of the most sought-after skills in data management.

Types of SQL languages

 The SQL used in the modern-day is a combination of four different Sub-languages used for different objectives, these include

·         Data Definition Language (DDL) – DDL is used for defining data structures and the relation between them. Includes commands to aid the creation and development of database objects like tables.

·         Data Control Language (DCL) – DCL is used to control the accessibility of data and manage user permissions.

·         Data Manipulation Language (DML) – DML is mostly used for modification of the data stored in a database and uses commands like INSERT and SELECT.

·         Transaction Control Language (TCL) – TCL is used to regulate the flow of transactions in a database using commands like COMMIT and ROLLBACK.

SQL: Uses

SQL is used in almost all government as well as corporate settings. It is mostly used in conjunction with database management systems like RDBMS. Many companies are relying on SQL for the operation of their database.

SQL is also a pretty popular language for machine learning; it is not uncommon to see the best machine learning courses be paired with prior knowledge of SQL for smooth execution.

Conclusion

SQL has successfully stood the test of time and finds itself to be an industry standard even after 50 years. While there have been significant changes in SQL over the years much of the source code has remained the same.

SQL courses are pretty common and a go-to for anyone wanting a career in database management.